The premise of strain theory is that a something or someone in a personâs life is causing the strain that leads them to commit a crime in order to alleviate that strain (Agnew, 2001). That even in the 21st century, financial success is the main source of status. It argues that people who are unable to achieve their goals or standards of success through legitimate means will turn to other avenues which promise economic fulfilment or social recognition. General strain theory has a very broad reach in the field of criminology because the theory itself was expanded from the original strain theory; Agnew also used several different types of research to fully develop this theory. What is a strain theory? Agnew believed that Merton's theory was too vague in nature and did not account for criminal activity which did not involve financial gain. Social Theory and Social Structure: Toward the Codification of Theory and Research by Merton, Robert. Criticisms of previous and traditional strain theories, however, will be described first to emphasize why it is important to understand the full context and criticisms of traditional strain theories to fully understand the formation of GST. Social Disorganization Theory On Crime And Deviance And Strain Theory 824 Words | 4 Pages. General strain theory (GST) is a sociology and criminology theory developed in 1992 by Robert Agnew. American sociologist Robert K. Merton developed strain theory, a concept connected to both the functionalist perspective on deviance and Émile Durkheim's theory of anomie.Merton asserted that societies are composed of two core aspects: culture and social structure.Our values, beliefs, goals, and identities are developed in the cultural realm. What things does Merton state that result in a strain? It strongly implies that people are passive victims of their circumstances yet at the same time suggests that they choose their own particular paths. General strain theory can be applied to crime and deviance, and most crimes are found to be the result of strain or monetary issues, and it is for these reasons that I think general strain theory does an adequate job of explaining crime and deviance. Although the theory has been examined by many and enjoys empirical support, some limitations of previous studies need to be addressed. While Durkheim's concept of anomie was rather vague, Merton explains the idea in quite a detailed way: as the product of a strain between socially-accepted goals and the socially-accepted means to achieve them. Those people from lower class donât have the same opportunities that those from upper class do. When an individual in a society cannot achieve culturally approved goal via culturally approved ways, it can be stressful for him and may leads to deviant behavior. Violent crime and collective forms of crime such as gang crime. Oh no! Here he highlights the basis of strain theory: âStrain occurs when there is a gap between the goals society encourages and how this can be achieved legitimatelyâ. Most likely among the MC who have good opportunities to achieve. Strain theories argue that people engage in deviant behaviour,â¦. principles of General Strain Theory, and the theoretical linkages between GST and delinquency. While Merton's theory was based on 20 th century America, it is transferable to any contemporary, western, developed capitalist society. Start studying Topic 1 - Strain Theory. Receive Updates. But in every society there is division between lower class and their wealthier counterparts. As the strain between the cultural goal and the lack of legitimate opportunities to reach it increase, people experience pressure that results in resorting to illegitimate means to achieve socieities goal. However, inequalities still mean that not everyone has access to the conventional means of achieveing this success. General strain theory now has it roots from justice research, stress research, equity research and regression research. Sociology: Strain Theory. Also, he dismisses that some people may value job satisfaction more than high income. Where people give up on achieving goals yet still stick to their means. -- Created using PowToon -- Free sign up at http://www.powtoon.com/youtube/ -- Create animated videos and animated presentations for free. Strain Theory is a theory relevant to both sociology and criminology. Structual factors such as societies unequal opportunity structure and cultural factors that place a strong emphasis on success goals and a weaker emphasis on using legitimate means to achieve them. Strain theory was a big hit in the 1960âs, but even though a lot of scholars do not refer to it as the number one theory anymore, it show relevance as to why it works especially in the social programs which it provides. Which crimes does Merton's theory not explain? Merton - deviance is the result of strain between two things: goals that a culture encourages individuals to achieve and what the institutional structure of society allows them to achieve legitimately. He also fails to state why some members of the middle class commit corporate and white collar crime. The strong emphasis on success goals (e.g the american dream),â¦. Strain theory was created from the work of Durkheim and Merton and derived from the theory of anomie. from ShortCutstv PRO on July 10, 2019. Use these tools to review your understanding of the strain theory. Ritualism - give up on trying to achieve goal but follow the rules for their own sake. Examples include parental rejection, criminal victimization, a desperate need for money, and discrimination. Give a criticism of Merton involving individuals. Whose ⦠Merton (1938) highlighted that individuals who are unable to attain conventional goals through legitimate means, like attaining higher status by having a good job, may give up ⦠More than 50 million students study for free with the Quizlet app each month. 3.2 Strain Theory Strain theory suggested that crime is kind of adaptation to strain (Cullen & Wilcox, 2010). 17 Mar. Merton includes: psychotics, vagrants, tromps, drug addicts. Test bank Questions and Answers of Chapter 10: Strain Theories How does the "American Dream" link to Merton's theory? ⦠Create your own flashcards or choose from millions created by other students. Such as, American culture values ,ones success. A non-deviant, non-criminal, conformist citizen. Innovation - accept goal of money success but use illegitimate means such as theft or fraud. General Strain Theory Quizlet is the easiest way to study, practice and master what youâre learning. 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