[269] State officials report a 68% graduation rate for Detroit's public schools adjusted for those who change schools. [219], Berry Gordy, Jr. founded Motown Records which rose to prominence during the 1960s and early 1970s with acts such as Stevie Wonder, The Temptations, The Four Tops, Smokey Robinson & The Miracles, Diana Ross & The Supremes, the Jackson 5, Martha and the Vandellas, The Spinners, Gladys Knight & the Pips, The Marvelettes, The Elgins, The Monitors, The Velvelettes and Marvin Gaye. [50], Unequal opportunities in employment resulted in unequal housing opportunities for the majority of the black community: with overall lower incomes and facing the backlash of discriminatory housing policies, the black community was limited to lower cost, lower quality housing in the city. The council approves budgets, but the mayor is not obligated to adhere to any earmarking. Other cultural highlights include Motown Historical Museum, the Ford Piquette Avenue Plant museum (birthplace of the Ford Model T and the world's oldest car factory building open to the public), the Pewabic Pottery studio and school, the Tuskegee Airmen Museum, Fort Wayne, the Dossin Great Lakes Museum, the Museum of Contemporary Art Detroit (MOCAD), the Contemporary Art Institute of Detroit (CAID), and the Belle Isle Conservatory. [62], As mayor, Young sought to revive the city by seeking to increase investment in the city's declining downtown. Mean monthly maxima and minima (i.e. Small Claims: Money disputes up to $6,000. [50], In 1956, Detroit's last heavily used electric streetcar line, which traveled along the length of Woodward Avenue, was removed and replaced with gas-powered buses. [211] Other nicknames arose in the 20th century, including City of Champions, beginning in the 1930s for its successes in individual and team sport;[212] The D; Hockeytown (a trademark owned by the city's NHL club, the Red Wings); Rock City (after the Kiss song "Detroit Rock City"); and The 313 (its telephone area code). As of 2013[update] there are four Catholic grade schools and three Catholic high schools in the City of Detroit, with all of them in the city's west side. The peak population was 1.8 million people. To counteract this, the city used eminent domain to build two large new auto assembly plants in the city. Ford Motor Company is in the adjacent city of Dearborn. Important history of America and the Detroit area are exhibited at The Henry Ford in Dearborn, the United States' largest indoor-outdoor museum complex. Henry Ford built it to link the factories at Willow Run and Dearborn during World War II. [citation needed], In 2010, the G.R. [183][195][197], A desire to be closer to the urban scene has also attracted some young professionals to reside in inner ring suburbs such as Ferndale and Royal Oak, Michigan. For other uses, see, The Motor City, Motown, Renaissance City, City of the Straits, The D, The D-Town, Hockeytown, The Automotive Capital of the World, Rock City, The 313, The Arsenal of Democracy, The Town That Put The World on Wheels, Tigertown, Détroit, Paris of the West, 48127, 48201, 48202, 48204–48206, 48208–48210, 48212–48217, 48219, 48221–48228, 48231–48236, 48238–48240, 48243, 48244, 48255, 48260, 48264, 48266–48269, 48272, 48275, 48277–48279, 48288, The City of Detroit in the early 20th century. Young was criticized for being too focused on downtown development and not doing enough to lower the city's high crime rate and improve city services to residents. The Ambassador Bridge is the single busiest border crossing in North America, carrying 27% of the total trade between the U.S. and Canada. Detroit-area historical tornado activity is slightly above Michigan state average. Employee Benefit Plan. [254], In 2013, felony bribery charges were brought against seven building inspectors. [213][214], Live music has been a prominent feature of Detroit's nightlife since the late 1940s, bringing the city recognition under the nickname 'Motown'. Telephone. The University of Michigan was established in 1817 in Detroit and later moved to Ann Arbor in 1837. [citation needed], In 1903, Henry Ford founded the Ford Motor Company. The neighborhoods were mostly low income, considered blighted, or made up of older housing where investment had been lacking due to racial redlining, so the highways were presented as a kind of urban renewal. The Detroit Electronic Music Festival, now known as "Movement", occurs annually in late May on Memorial Day Weekend, and takes place in Hart Plaza. In Southwest Detroit and western Detroit there are smaller, scattered Asian communities including an area in the westside adjacent to Dearborn and Redford Township that has a mostly Indian Asian population, and a community of Vietnamese and Laotians in Southwest Detroit. [112][117][118] The survey also reported that most (86%) of the city's homes are in good condition with a minority (9%) in fair condition needing only minor repairs. More recently, the population of Downtown Detroit, Midtown Detroit, and various other neighborhoods has increased. The RTA's first project was the introduction of RelfeX, a limited-stop, cross-county bus service connecting downtown and midtown Detroit with Oakland county via Woodward avenue. [122] The city's working plans for neighborhood revitalizations include 7-Mile/Livernois, Brightmoor, East English Village, Grand River/Greenfield, North End, and Osborn. the highest and lowest temperature readings during an entire month or year) calculated based on data at said location from 1981 to 2010. Most Hmong live east of Coleman Young Airport near Osborn High School. [citation needed], The city slopes gently from the northwest to southeast on a till plain composed largely of glacial and lake clay. In 2013, Kilpatrick was convicted on 24 federal felony counts, including mail fraud, wire fraud, and racketeering,[70] and was sentenced to 28 years in federal prison. The number of homicides stood at 261 - a decrease of 6 compared to 2017. All material is the property of the City of Detroit and may only be used with permission. Governor George W. Romney ordered the Michigan National Guard into Detroit, and President Johnson sent in U.S. Army troops. The 2018 Detroit crime rate fell by 2% compared to 2017. "Detroit LOCAL" shirts can be purchased for $20 - $5 of each purchase will go into the Park fund and be specifically allocated to th... is project. A referendum to allow casino gambling in the city passed in 1996; several temporary casino facilities opened in 1999, and permanent downtown casinos with hotels opened in 2007–08.[66]. NEW! The most significant companies based in Detroit include General Motors, Quicken Loans, Ally Financial, Compuware, Shinola, American Axle, Little Caesars, DTE Energy, Lowe Campbell Ewald, Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan, and Rossetti Architects. [14], Detroit's diverse culture has had both local and international influence, particularly in music, with the city giving rise to the genres of Motown and techno, and playing an important role in the development of jazz, hip-hop, rock, and punk music. [291][292] Vanguard has agreed to assume all debts and pension obligations. That year the city elected Dennis Archer, a former Michigan Supreme Court justice. In 2011, the Port Authority Passenger Terminal opened, with the riverwalk connecting Hart Plaza to the Renaissance Center. [299], On February 18, 2015, Canadian Transport Minister Lisa Raitt announced Canada has agreed to pay the entire cost to build a $250 million U.S. Customs plaza adjacent to the planned new Detroit–Windsor bridge, now the Gordie Howe International Bridge. Detroit holds a unique spot in world history due to its role in putting the world on wheels and its meteoric rise as an industrial powerhouse in the first half of the 20th century followed by its dramatic fall. By entering your license plate, you can now: Use new kiosks to pay with credit, coin or prepaid card. Midtown has about 50,000 residents and attracts millions of visitors each year to its museums and cultural centers;[228] for example, the Detroit Festival of the Arts in Midtown draws about 350,000 people. This pattern already happened in the 1970s, when apparent integration was a precursor to white flight and resegregation. [citation needed], In 2000, the city requested an investigation by the United States Justice Department into the Detroit Police Department which was concluded in 2003 over allegations regarding its use of force and civil rights violations. However, due to industrial restructuring, the loss of jobs in the auto industry, and rapid suburbanization, Detroit entered a state of urban decay and lost considerable population from the late 20th century to the present. [157] This influx of thousands of African Americans in the 20th century became known as the Great Migration. The 1778 raids and resultant 1779 decisive Sullivan Expedition reopened the Ohio Country to westward emigration, which began almost immediately. Midtown is also home to watchmaker Shinola and an array of small and startup companies. [189], The city of Detroit and other public–private partnerships have attempted to catalyze the region's growth by facilitating the building and historical rehabilitation of residential high-rises in the downtown, creating a zone that offers many business tax incentives, creating recreational spaces such as the Detroit RiverWalk, Campus Martius Park, Dequindre Cut Greenway, and Green Alleys in Midtown. The ramifications of the uprising were widespread as there were many allegations of white police brutality towards African Americans and over $36 million of insured property was lost. [19] When the French and Indian War evicted the Kingdom of France from Canada, it removed one barrier to British colonists migrating west. The most notable topographical feature in the city is the Detroit Moraine, a broad clay ridge on which the older portions of Detroit and Windsor are located, rising approximately 62 feet (19 m) above the river at its highest point. Real experience. Website. [56] The subsequent Milliken v. Bradley decision had nationwide influence. A 1996 marketing campaign promoted the nickname "Hockeytown". The NCAA football Quick Lane Bowl is held at Ford Field each December. Immediate family members, 18 years or older, of any individual that qualifies under number 1 or 2 above, including: Children; Parents; Spouses; Legal guardians; Siblings; The discount can only apply to an individual, not a corporation . The cost of even just a one bedroom loft in Rivertown can be up to $300,000, with a 5-year sale price change of over 500% and an average income rising by 18%. The City of Detroit joined the Supreme Court brief submission party on Thursday in opposition to Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton’s (R) attempt to overturn the 2020 election in unprecedented fashion. [citation needed], Grand Valley State University's Detroit Center host workshops, seminars, professional development, and other large gatherings in the building. This perpetuated a cyclical exclusionary process that marginalized the agency of black Detroiters by trapping them in the unhealthiest, unsafest areas of the city. [166][165] An especially grueling result of this increasing competition between black and white people was the Riot of 1943 that had violent ramifications. The area north of Downtown Detroit, including the region around the Henry Ford Hospital, the Detroit Medical Center, and Wayne State University, has transient Asian national origin residents who are university students or hospital workers. The NAACP also suggested a direct relationship between unfair housing practices and educational segregation, as the composition of students in the schools followed segregated neighborhoods. Louis. The DLBA is hosting virtual events for Rehabbed and Ready, Office Hours, and Building Blocks. The City of Detroit joined the Supreme Court brief submission party on Thursday in opposition to Texas Attorney General Ken Paxton's (R) attempt to overturn the 2020 election in unprecedented fashion. Annuity Loans: Frequently Asked Questions: Learn more. [83][84], The city has also seen a growing number of well off, gentrified areas beginning to pop up all around. [32] Of the 600 Detroit residents in this area, none died in the fire. [278], Detroit is served by various private schools, as well as parochial Roman Catholic schools operated by the Archdiocese of Detroit. [9] Detroit is best known as the center of the U.S. automobile industry, and the "Big Three" auto manufacturers General Motors, Ford, and Fiat Chrysler are all headquartered in Metro Detroit. [267]. They are mostly Chinese and Indian but the population also includes Filipinos, Koreans, and Pakistanis. By 1800 white settlers were pouring westwards. [150][151], Beginning with the rise of the automobile industry, Detroit's population increased more than sixfold during the first half of the 20th century as an influx of European, Middle Eastern (Lebanese, Assyrian/Chaldean), and Southern migrants brought their families to the city. [citation needed], In the 1940s the world's "first urban depressed freeway" ever built, the Davison,[44] was constructed in Detroit. [286], Also founded in 1935 and based in Detroit the Michigan Chronicle is one of the oldest and most respected African-American weekly newspapers in America. Dawsey, Chastity Pratt (October 20, 2011). [207][214][230], An important civic sculpture in Detroit is The Spirit of Detroit by Marshall Fredericks at the Coleman Young Municipal Center. [307], Detroit Metropolitan Wayne County Airport (DTW), the principal airport serving Detroit, is in nearby Romulus. Sacred Heart Major Seminary, founded in 1919, is affiliated with Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum in Rome and offers pontifical degrees as well as civil undergraduate and graduate degrees. [4] In 2013, Detroit became the largest U.S. city to file for bankruptcy, which it successfully exited in December 2014, when the city government regained control of Detroit's finances. [4][129], Of the large shrinking cities in the United States, Detroit has had the most dramatic decline in population of the past 60 years (down 1,135,791) and the second largest percentage decline (down 61.4%). The city is governed pursuant to the home rule Charter of the City of Detroit. Circa 2009 and 2011, while Detroit traditional public schools scored a record low on national tests, the publicly funded charter schools did even worse than the traditional public schools. Perhaps most prominently, in 2010, Quicken Loans, one of the largest mortgage lenders, relocated its world headquarters and 4,000 employees to downtown Detroit, consolidating its suburban offices. Retirees from the City of Detroit, or a participating affiliated governmental agency or authority. [214], In the 1940s, Detroit blues artist John Lee Hooker became a long-term resident in the city's southwest Delray neighborhood. Vitullo-Martin, Julio, (December 22, 2007). [88], Detroit is the center of a three-county urban area (with a population of 3,734,090 within an area of 1,337 square miles (3,460 km2) according to the 2010 United States Census), six-county metropolitan statistical area (population of 4,296,250 in an area of 3,913 square miles [10,130 km2] as of the 2010 census), and a nine-county Combined Statistical Area (population of 5.3 million within 5,814 square miles [15,060 km2] as of 2010[update]). Pay bills, fees, and more without leaving your home. Strategically located along the Great Lakes waterway, Detroit emerged as a major port and transportation hub. [127], In the 2010 United States Census, the city had 713,777 residents, ranking it the 18th most populous city in the United States. Nov. 23, 2020) (City of Detroit Appendix “COD Appx.”) 001-005); Johnson v. Benson, No. [citation needed], Detroit is one of 13 U.S. metropolitan areas that are home to professional teams representing the four major sports in North America. Other sites of interest are the Detroit Zoo in Royal Oak, the Cranbrook Art Museum in Bloomfield Hills, the Anna Scripps Whitcomb Conservatory on Belle Isle, and Walter P. Chrysler Museum in Auburn Hills. While the MAC Basketball Tournament moved permanently to Cleveland starting in 2000, the MAC Football Championship Game has been played at Ford Field in Detroit since 2004, and annually attracts 25,000 to 30,000 fans. The NAACP argued that although schools were not legally segregated, the city of Detroit and its surrounding counties had enacted policies to maintain racial segregation in public schools. News and commentary from Detroit, Wayne County, including Mayor of Detroit, Detroit City Council, Detroit Public Schools from the Detroit Free Press. [13], Detroit, like many places in the United States, developed racial conflict and discrimination in the 20th century following the rapid demographic changes as hundreds of thousands of new workers were attracted to the industrial city; in a short period it became the 4th-largest city in the nation. [166][176] One of the implications of racial segregation, which correlates with class segregation, may correlate to overall worse health for some populations. Many of those residents own small businesses or work in blue collar jobs, and the population is mostly Muslim. Apply now for jobs hiring near you. [185] Like downtown and Corktown, Midtown also has a fast-growing retailing and restaurant scene. Gallaher, John and Kathleen Gray and Chris Christoff (February 3, 2009). [305], The city of Detroit has a higher than average percentage of households without a car. [13] As Detroit's industrialization took off, the Detroit River became the busiest commercial hub in the world. Orders can be placed by commenting on this post, payments can be dropped off or mailed to City Hall. The city has demolished abandoned homes and buildings, planting grass and trees, and considered removing street lighting from large portions of the city, in order to encourage the small population in certain areas to move to more populated areas. The second phase is a two-mile (3.2-kilometer) extension from Hart Plaza to the Ambassador Bridge for a total of five miles (8.0 kilometres) of parkway from bridge to bridge. The population density was 5,144.3 people per square mile (1,895/km2). Detroit is the only major city along the Canada–U.S. [141], Areas of the city adjacent to the Detroit River are also patrolled by the United States Border Patrol. [201] On June 11, 2015, Meijer opened its second supercenter store in the city. As seen in a City of Detroit exhibit, a large monitor was at the table where individuals could maintain a safe distance from poll workers to see what exactly was being performed. [134][135][136][137][138] Roughly half of the owners of Detroit's 305,000 properties failed to pay their 2011 tax bills, resulting in about $246 million in taxes and fees going uncollected, nearly half of which was due to Detroit. [116], The city has numerous neighborhoods consisting of vacant properties resulting in low inhabited density in those areas, stretching city services and infrastructure. Taken together, I-275 and I-696 form a semicircle around Detroit. [248], The city's downtown typically has lower crime than national and state averages. Copyright 2001-2020 by City of Detroit The new high-frequency service travels along three of Detroit's busiest corridors, Gratiot, Woodward, and Michigan, and only stops at designated FAST stops. The Detroit Department of Transportation (DDOT) provides service within city limits up to the outer edges of the city. [citation needed], On August 18, 1970, the NAACP filed suit against Michigan state officials, including Governor William Milliken, charging de facto public school segregation. All of these officers are elected on a nonpartisan ballot, with the exception of four of the police commissioners, who are appointer by the mayor. Elements from this design was used for the original World Trade Center in New York City. The Westin Book Cadillac Hotel, is designed in the Neo-Renaissance style. The plan called for replacing outdated high pressure sodium lights with 65,000 LED lights. In 1976, the federal government offered $600 million for building a regional rapid transit system, under a single regional authority. [45], Jobs expanded so rapidly due to the defense buildup in World War II that 400,000 people migrated to the city from 1941 to 1943, including 50,000 blacks in the second wave of the Great Migration, and 350,000 whites, many of them from the South. Industry also moved to the suburbs, seeking large plots of land for single story factories. In 1907, the Detroit River carried 67,292,504 tons of shipping commerce through Detroit to locations all over the world. QuickFacts provides statistics for all states and counties, and for cities and towns with a population of 5,000 or more. [279] The Archdiocese of Detroit lists a number of primary and secondary schools in the metro area as Catholic education has emigrated to the suburbs. Detroit is a dynamic, diverse city with an intriguing history. 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